A quality-switched laser (Q-Switched) is a non-invasive laser that creates high-intensity pulsed beam light. The Q-Switched laser beam pulses last a mere billionth of a second.1 The energy emitted from a Q-switch laser is concentrated into very powerful pulses.
This article will review the use of the Q-switched laser, the various types, and how they are used for tattoo removal.
Uses
Q-Switched lasers can shatter tiny fragments of pigmentation or ink, stimulate collagen production or kill fungus.2 Because their contact with the skin is less than other lasers, Q-Switched lasers are known for not damaging surrounding tissue and causing unwanted side effects.
Q-Switched lasers are used for many conditions, including:
- Tattoo removal
- Treatment of onychomycosis (toenail fungus)3
- Pigmented lesions such as age spots, sunspots, birthmarks, freckles, moles, and café-au-lait spots
- Vascular lesions such as spider veins, telangiectasias, angiomas, and port wine stains
- Skin rejuvenation
Types of Q-Switched Lasers
There are several types of Q-Switch lasers. The crystal rods inside the lasers differentiate the lasers. The rods allow the Q-Switched lasers to produce different wavelengths.4 These variable wavelengths determine what the Q-Switched laser will be used for.
Some of the Q-Switched lasers include:
| Type of Laser and Color Removal | |
|---|---|
| Laser Type | Colors |
| Nd: YAG laser | Black Blue Red Orange |
| Ruby laser | Black Blue Green |
| Alexandrite laser | Black Blue Green |
While every patient is different, each tattoo that is undergoing removal is different. Different laser wavelengths are required to remove different colors of tattoo ink.
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The Q-Switched Laser Tattoo Removal Process
Laser tattoo removal is the only method proven to remove tattoos without scarring.5 To remove a tattoo, the Q-Switched laser is pulsed over it, directing its light energy towards the ink. The energy is absorbed by the ink particles, which then shatter into tiny fragments.
In the days following the laser procedure, the body’s immune system will flush away the shattered ink particles and cause the tattoo to fade.6 With more treatments, more ink will be shattered, leaving the skin free of the tattoo. Laser treatments are typically done every six weeks. Depending upon the size and color of the tattoo, multiple sessions may be needed.
Only Q-Switched lasers can produce the amount of energy to remove both dark and bright tattoos without scarring.5
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Summary
Q-switched lasers are a commonly used laser to help treat many skin conditions, from pigment changes to tattoo removal. The type of laser and the wavelength given is dependent upon each person and the reason they are having laser treatment.
A Word From Verywell
Q-switched laser therapy can be an effective treatment for your skin condition or tattoo removal. Whatever the reason, be sure to ask your healthcare provider about any questions you may have about the procedure, and any special instructions you need to follow to get the best outcome.
